Biography of Mahatma Gandhi | When and where was Mahatma Gandhi born?

Mahatma Gandhi, the hero of India’s independence, is such a name that on hearing it, truth and non-violence are remembered. He was such a personality, who used to use it on himself before giving advice to someone else. Those who did not leave the path of non-violence even after facing the biggest problems. Gandhiji was a supporter of simple living high thought, and considered it as a principle in his life. The image of this thought is reflected in his entire life. Similarly, for many reasons, Netaji Subhash Chandra addressed him as ‘Father of the Nation’ in 1944. Friends, come on this page to know all those things related to the life of Mahatma Gandhi, due to which he is called ‘Father of the Nation’.

Place Of Birth And Early Life

Mahatma Gandhi was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat. His father’s name was Karamchand Gandhi, and his mother’s name was Putlibai. During the British rule, his father was the Diwan of Porbandar, Rajkot and Bankaner. Mahatma Gandhi’s real name was Mohandas and his father’s name was Karamchand Gandhi, due to which his full name was Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi. He was the youngest of his three brothers. His mother Putlibai was a religious woman, which had a profound effect on Gandhi’s personality. Gandhiji was brought up in a family of Vaishnavism, and his life was deeply influenced by Indian Jainism, due to which he firmly believed in truth and non-violence and followed them throughout his life.

Married Life of Gandhiji

Gandhiji was married to Kasturba Makhan in 1883 at the age of just thirteen. Gandhiji shortened his name to Kasturba and later people started lovingly calling him ‘Ba’. Kasturba Gandhi’s father was a wealthy businessman. Kasturba Gandhi was illiterate before marriage, after marriage Gandhiji taught her to read and write. Kasturba Gandhi was an ideal wife, who supported Gandhiji in every work. In the year 1885, Gandhi’s first child was born, but after some time he died, and in the same year his father also passed away.

Gandhiji’s Elementary Education

Gandhi’s early education took place in Porbandar. From Porbandar, he got education till middle school, after that, due to his father’s transfer to Rajkot, Gandhiji received advance education from Rajkot. Gandhiji passed his matriculation examination from Rajkot High School in the year 1887 and got admission in Samaldas College, Bhavnagar for further studies, but due to being away from home, he could not concentrate and returned to Porbandar after being unwell. Come.

Gandhiji left for England on 4 September 1888. After coming here, he took studies seriously and started studying diligently. Gandhi’s early life in England was full of problems. He had to be ashamed many times because of his food and dress, but he kept the promise given to his mother under any circumstances.

Gandhiji joined the London Vegetarian Society in London and became its executive member. Here he met some people of the Theosophical Society who gave Gandhiji the Bhagavad Gita to read. Gandhiji started participating in the conferences of the London Vegetarian Society and started writing articles in the magazine. Staying here for three years (1888-1891) completed his barrister studies and returned to India in 1891.

Gandhi’s Africa tour

 A company based in South Africa offered him the position of legal advisor. Gandhiji accepted this offer and went to Africa, where he stayed for 20 years. While living in Africa, Gandhiji had to face problems like apartheid. When once he was thrown down after sitting in the special compartment of the train.

Thus injustice and apartheid shook Gandhiji, he resolved to raise his voice against this injustice at that very moment. After that Gandhiji started opposing the apartheid in Africa. He had to face many types of problems while protesting, but he did not back down, but became more active to give respect to the Indians living in Africa. There the “Disobedience Movement” was also launched against the injustice being done to the people, which was very successful in its own right.

Mahatma Gandhi’s Arrival in India

Gandhiji returned to India in the year 1915 at the age of 46, and studied to know the condition of India. Gandhiji spent a year without any movement at the behest of Gandhiji’s political guru Gopal Krishna Gokhale. He visited India to get information about the real situation of India during this time. In the year 1916, Gandhiji established the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad. In February 1916, Gandhiji gave a speech on the stage for the first time at the Banaras Hindu Vishwavidyalaya. This speech was discussed all over India.

Major Movements by Gandhiji

1.Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha Movement

Gandhiji got the most popularity in Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha movement. In Champaran and Kheda, the landlords were exploiting the poor and poor farmers due to the protection of the British rule. Gandhiji started a Satyagraha against the exploitation of the farmers, due to which he was arrested and ordered to leave the place, but the British government had to leave them unconditionally as lakhs of people came on the road. lay | After the Satyagraha of Champaran and Kheda, Gandhi ji liberated the poor farmers from the crime of the landlords, due to which his selfless service towards the common people made him a different image among the people.

2. Khilafat Movement of Mahatma Gandhi

Gandhiji had supported the Khilafat movement started by Muslims after the poor, laborers. This movement was launched to re-establish the position of Caliph of Turkey. Gandhiji won the trust of Hindus and Muslims by joining this movement, and this became the foundation of Mahatma Gandhi’s non-cooperation movement.

3.Non-cooperation Movement

A meeting was being organized in Amritsar’s Jallianwala Bagh on 13 April 1919, on Baisakhi, to protest against the Rolex Act. In which a British officer named General Dyer opened fire on innocent people without any reason. Due to which more than 1000 people present there were killed and more than 2000 people were injured. Due to which Gandhi suffered a great blow. To oppose such an incident, Gandhiji chose the path of peace and non-violence. Gandhiji started the non-cooperation movement in protest against this incident.

4.Civil Disobedience Movement/Dundee Yatra/Salt Movement

Mahatma Gandhi had implemented the rules made by the British government under this movement, it was decided not to follow them. According to the rules of the British Government, no other person or company will make salt. On March 12, 1930, he broke this law by making salt by Dandi Yatra, he reached a place called Dandi and made salt and disobeyed the law.

5. Quit India Movement of Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi started the third biggest movement against the British government. This movement was named ‘British Quit India’. Although Gandhi had to go to jail many times in this movement, but the youth workers of the country continued to run this movement through strikes and sabotage. It took the government more than a year to suppress this movement.

Death of Mahatma Gandhi (30 January 1948)

Gandhiji was shot dead by Nathuram Godse and his associate Gopaldas at Birla House on 30 January 1948 at 5:17 pm. Gandhiji was shot three times, at the last moment the words ‘Hey Ram’ came out of his mouth. After his death, his samadhi site has been built at Raj Ghat in New Delhi.